Buying and Building a Villa in Bali

Shape Haus, Shaped by culture. Built with dedication.

Buying and Building a Villa in Bali

Shape Haus, Shaped by culture. Built with dedication.

1. Introduction: Why this guide exists

Bali attracts people with dreams: a private villa, a home under the sun, or an investment that feels right not only financially but personally as well.

Yet behind that dream is a reality shaped by its own rules, rhythms and responsibilities. Real estate in Bali does not work the way it does in the Netherlands, Belgium or most of Europe. You will encounter different ownership structures, different permits, different expectations, and a culture in which relationships matter as much as documents.

This guide helps you navigate that world with clarity.

It shows what is safe, what is sensible and what requires attention.

Not through glamour, but through truth.

The goal is simple:

to help you make decisions that are legally sound, financially realistic, culturally respectful and technically reliable.

2. The Fundamentals of Indonesian Property

Indonesia does not use the familiar full-ownership system common in many Western countries. Instead, you work with several types of rights, each with slightly different implications.

Understanding these is essential before signing anything.

2.1 SHM: Hak Milik

Full ownership. Strong, permanent, unlimited.

But available only to Indonesian citizens.

Any arrangement in which an Indonesian holds the title “for you” is legally unstable. In a dispute, you have no enforceable claim.

2.2 HGB: Hak Guna Bangunan

The right to build and own a structure.

HGB can be held by a PT PMA (a foreign-owned Indonesian company).

This is the most professional, scalable route for foreign investors.

It provides control, clarity and the ability to lease out legally.

2.3 Hak Pakai

A usage right primarily intended for personal residence.

It can be suitable for long-term stays but is not designed for commercial rental operations.

2.4 Leasehold – Hak Sewa

A long-term lease of 20 to 40 years with renewal options.

Flexible, straightforward and safe – as long as the contract is well-written.

The strength of a leasehold is entirely dependent on its documentation.

3. The Three Safe Structures for Foreigners

Only three routes consistently work:

  1. PT PMA + HGB

    Ideal for operating, scaling and building professionally.

    Legally robust and fully compliant.

  2. Leasehold

    Suitable for simplicity, lower entry points and personal use.

    A strong contract is essential.

  3. Hak Pakai

    Only practical for personal residence.

Everything else – especially nominee structures – offers the illusion of control, not real control.

4. Location Strategy - The Art of Choosing

Building a villa in Bali does not start with drawings or materials but with a foundational question:

Where will this place come to life?

Your location determines your audience, your pricing power, your occupancy and how easily you can sell later. This choice operates on two levels: the island level and the plot level.

4.1 Island-level logic

Bali is a collection of micro-markets, each with its own culture, energy and demand patterns.

Canggu feels entirely different from Uluwatu, and Uluwatu feels nothing like Sanur or Ubud.

4.2 Plot-level reality

Even within the perfect region, a single factor can undermine your entire investment.

Pay attention to:

  • Access: legal right of way, width, slope.

  • Noise: beach clubs, ceremonies, scooters, nightlife.

  • Water & drainage: rainfall management, septic capacity, elevation.

  • Sun & wind: natural cooling, energy usage, comfort.

  • Sight lines: what neighbouring plots are allowed to build.

  • Utilities: electricity capacity, water pressure, internet stability.

Foreign buyers often assess visually.

Local experts assess technically.

You need both.

5. Budget, Returns and Investment Logic

A villa in Bali is not a single purchase but a phased development.

You must not only understand what you buy today, but what is required to complete the journey - construction, furnishing, permitting and long-term operation.

5.1 Three investment pathways

  • Existing villa

    Faster rental start, fewer uncertainties, higher entry price.

  • Off-plan

    Lower entry, design influence from day one, cashflow after construction.

  • Participation model

    Entry from around 100k, exposure to a cluster development, built-in diversification.

5.2 Your total investment picture

Beyond the purchase price, include:

  • legal guidance

  • notary/PPAT

  • building permits

  • interior and styling

  • marketing and photography

  • property management onboarding

  • utilities setup

  • maintenance reserves

  • contingency budget

5.3 A realistic, data-driven scenario

Returns are not fixed numbers but ranges.

Use comparable market data to anchor expectations:

  • Pricelabs: analyse several hotels or villas in your target design segment.

  • Google Maps: check booking patterns and price consistency of comparable properties.

  • OTA availability: are similar stays booked or empty?

Good investors work with evidence, not optimism.

6. The Full Buying Process: From Idea to Keys

The process becomes manageable when broken into five phases:

  1. Orientation

    Define goals: living, returns, hybrid use, timeframe.

  2. Validation

    Viewings, shortlist, preliminary document review.

  3. Commitment

    Letter of Intent, escrow deposit, timeline with contingencies.

  4. Verification

    Complete due diligence: title, access, zoning, structure, permits.

  5. Finalisation

    Sign and register the deed, activate utilities, acquire licences, complete the handover.

Following this sequence gives you control and removes avoidable risk.

7. Due Diligence: The Phase That Determines Everything

Due diligence is not paperwork.

It is the backbone of your investment.

Ask yourself:

  1. Is the title correct and free of liabilities?

  2. Is access legally secured?

  3. Are your intended uses permitted in this zone?

  4. Is the technical condition sound?

  5. Are all permits valid and complete?

Core components of a proper DD

Legal

Certificate, ownership chain, mortgages, seller authority.

Technical

Foundations, roof, electrics, septic, water pressure, drainage, pool, ventilation.

Permitting

PBG, SLF, historic documentation, use classification.

Commercial

Occupancy, ADR, distribution mix, management contracts.

Fiscal

Taxes, tourist levies, company registrations.

A solid DD protects you from the problems others discover years later.

8. Permits and Operational Framework

Developing and renting in Bali follows a clear sequence:

  • NIB – business registration (OSS RBA)

  • PBG – building permit (SIMBG)

  • SLF – certificate of building usability

  • Pondok Wisata – small-scale rental licence

  • Hotel Licence – for larger or more formal operations

A villa without an SLF cannot legally open, even if the building is flawless.

9. Building and Renovating: The Shape Haus Approach

Building in the tropics requires a deeper sensitivity to climate, context and long-term durability.

Everything begins with the land, the light and the wind.

9.1 Our design principles

  • The site shapes the building

  • Climate dictates logic

  • Materials must age with dignity

  • Functionality should be beautiful

  • Processes must be consistent, documented and transparent

9.2 Handover

A proper handover prevents most future issues:

  • pre-inspection

  • snag list with photos

  • repair round

  • final inspection

  • retention only released after completion

  • full documentation handover

10. Operations and Returns

A villa is a small business.

Returns come from rhythm, attention and optimisation.

The five levers

  1. Occupancy

  2. Average daily rate (ADR)

  3. Channel costs

  4. Operational expenses

  5. Guest experience and reviews

What has immediate impact

  • High-quality photography

  • Dynamic pricing

  • Incentivising longer stays

  • Rewarding direct bookings

  • Monitoring 30, 60 and 90-day demand windows

Those who optimize consistently outperform those who wait.

11. Risks, Insurance and Compliance

11.1 Main risks

  • legal errors

  • wrong zoning

  • drainage failures

  • moisture and mould

  • fire safety

  • cyber and payment issues

  • erosion and salt exposure

11.2 Minimum insurance coverage

  • building insurance

  • contents

  • liability

  • business interruption

  • construction all-risk (during build)

  • employer liability

11.3 Monthly and annual routines

  • pool quality

  • fire extinguishers

  • septic maintenance

  • tourist reporting

  • policy updates

  • performance reviews

Risk management is invisible when done well, yet felt in everything.

12. Ethical and Culturally Aligned Investing

Bali is more than an island.

It is a community with rituals, rhythm and cultural identity.

Investing here means participating, not extracting.

What matters

  • meeting the banjar

  • clear agreements about construction hours

  • contributing to local initiatives

  • respectful communication around ceremonies

  • designing with sensitivity to light, water and nature

Investors who show respect build more than villas.

They build trust.

13. Common Mistakes and Red Flags

The most frequent issues come from rushing or assuming.

Avoid:

  • choosing a nominee

  • building without confirming zoning

  • buying without legal access

  • paying without milestone structures

  • over-optimistic revenue assumptions

  • skipping technical inspections

  • ignoring community relations

Most problems do not start with bad luck, but with a premature decision.

14. Conclusion, From Plan to Practice

Bali rewards those who work with care.

Those who take time to listen to the land, the rules and the community.

Those who build with intention rather than speed.

Those who invest with vision instead of illusion.

A villa that feels good today must perform even better tomorrow.

That requires clarity, discipline and genuine partnership.

When you are ready for your next step,

we are ready to walk it with you.